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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Saddam's
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April 30: National Animal Advocacy Day:
-- A special day to honor, respect, and celebrate every animal
advocate who works tirelessly to save animals from abuse,
exploitation, and cruelty. Did you know that in the United States,
millions of animals are abused to death annually? Yes, according
to statistics, annually, over 10 million animals in the United
States die of abuse. In fact, more shocking statistics reveal that
one animal is abused every minute in the world. This is why the
work that animal advocates across the world do to promote the
protection and rescue of animals is so important. National Animal
Advocacy Day was created by the American Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty of Animals (A.S.P.C.A.). This was the first
humane society to be established in North America and is one of
the largest in the world. The core mission of this organization is
based on the belief that animals are entitled to kind and
respectful treatment at the hands of humans, and must be protected
under the law. On this National Animal Advocacy Day, A.S.P.C.A.
will host a live webinar that will break down the process of how a
bill becomes a law and also will share details about its advocacy
volunteer programs. You can register for this exciting webinar on
the A.S.P.C.A. website. As we all know, knowledge is power, and
animals across the country might need our help, especially in
times of crisis like this. You can take this day as the sign you
have been waiting for and make a difference for animals in your
state and across the country. You can also join in any of the
A.S.P.C.A's advocacy volunteer programs to help the organization
pass animal-friendly legislation and mobilize other animal
advocates in the community. Animal advocates address issues such
as animal cruelty including inhumane practices and conditions
affecting companion and farm animals, illegal animal trade, animal
slaughter, and use of animals in research and product testing. So,
on this National Animal Advocacy Day let's take a moment to honor
the millions of community members who provide care to animals. Let
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Super
Sense Animal Perception/Plant Adaptation TV Series DVD, MP4, USB
April 30: National Adopt A Shelter Pet
Day: -- Celebrated across the nation by people getting ready to
observe the day by going to pet shelters, adopting as many pets as
possible, spreading the word among our friends and colleagues, and
taking to social media to spread the message to everyone. Did you
know, every year, just in the U.S., about 6.5 million animals go
into animal shelters? More interestingly, roughly half of them are
cats and half of them are dogs. The American Humane Society
created Adopt A Dog Month every October back in 1981. This was
done to raise awareness about dogs stuck in the shelter system.
People's collective efforts could get a pet a home of their own.
Soon after, other pet owners started talking about having a day
where not just dogs but every pet is celebrated and people are
made aware of the need and benefits of adopting these animals as
pets. That's how the National Adopt A Shelter Pet Day was started
on April 30. This day is a reminder for people all over the nation
to make an effort to help an animal at a pet shelter. Many people
live alone and having a pet is indeed one of the best things to
keep them company. With the efforts of National Adopt A Shelter
Pet Day, people learn more about what it means to adopt a pet.
Also, they are made aware of how having animals as pets can help
them live healthy, fit, and long lives. This day raises awareness
for people to volunteer at their nearest animal shelters as they
require year-round assistance. Adoption of animals is just one
part of the process as animals are dropped at shelters every day.
These shelters need help in ensuring the animal's good health and
well-being. This day is a reminder for everyone to make sure that
they offer their support throughout the year. ========= April 30:
National Therapy Animal Day: -- Let's face it. We've all had days
when we would rather hang out with animals than humans. This day
recognizes and honors the invaluable work done by these creatures.
It also celebrates the thousands of dedicated handlers, the human
members of therapy animal teams, who volunteer their time during
visits. The day also aims to raise awareness and educate people
about the important role therapy animals play in enhancing the
health and well-being of humans. Having a therapy animal can be
life-changing in the best way. Ask any pet owner, and they'll tell
you the same. National Therapy Animal Day was created by Pet
Partners, an American nonprofit organization specializing in
therapy animals. It promotes the health and wellness benefits of
animal-assisted therapy, activities, and education. It has more
than 10,000 registered teams making more than three million visits
annually. It also registers handlers of multiple species as
volunteer teams. Animal therapy or pet therapy refers to using
animals to help people cope with and recover from certain physical
and mental health conditions. Depending on the function of the
therapy, people can choose from many animals including dogs,
horses, and birds. This form of therapy can enhance other
treatments as animals can perform direct actions to help a
person's condition when they are in need and even alert others if
someone is in danger. While animal therapy can be traced back to
Ancient Greece, the first formal research on animal therapy began
just a few decades ago. Dr. Boris Levinson found that his dog had
a positive effect on mentally impaired young patients. He
discovered that these patients were more comfortable and likely to
socialize with his dog than with other humans. Sigmund Freud's
findings on this subject were translated and published years after
Levinson's death, which is when this research started to be
considered valid. It might be surprising to know that there was a
lot of controversy on animal therapy just a few years ago when
today it is widely accepted and so extensive. The noticeable
changes in human behavior when interacting with animals are the
main reason why this form of therapy is so attractive and why it
has become such an integral part of today's therapeutic practices.
All sorts of animals are used for therapy, including the usual
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV
Commercials: The Cable Age Classics III DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30: National Tabby Day: -- A
worldwide celebration of those lovely striped cats. Thought by
some people as a cat breed, tabby is not. It's a coat pattern seen
in almost all domestic cats. There are four known patterns on
these tabbies' coats: the classic, mackerel, spotted and ticked.
Also, there's a variant of these patterns - the orange tabby.
Orange tabbies have a stereotype of being lazier than other cats.
It's probably due to the popularity of a fictional cat who, you
know, hates Mondays and loves lasagna and sleeping. National Tabby
Day was first celebrated on April 30, 2016, by the Mayor's
Alliance for N.Y.C.'s Animals, Bideawee, and Triumph Books. It's
to celebrate the tabby cats themselves and inform people that
tabbies are not a breed of cat but a coat pattern. The first event
featured a cat adoption and book signing to benefit Bideawee and a
shelter for cats and dogs. The book was "Making the Most of
All Nine Lives: The Extraordinary Life of Buffy the Cat" by
author and pet lifestyle expert Sandy Robins and oral surgeon and
photojournalist Paul Smulson. A tabby cat is not a cat breed. It
is a coat pattern in almost all domestic cats. The tabby pattern
is related to the tabbies' close relatives, such as the African
wildcat, Asiatic wildcat, and European wildcat. The distinct
appearance of the tabby cats is the M-shaped marking on their
forehead. The tabbies have four coat patterns, and those have a
variant: the orange tabby. The orange tabby cats have a stereotype
of being lazier than other cats. In fact, most orange tabbies are
male, and they tend to have an adventurous personality. The four
tabby coat patterns are classic tabby with swirling patterns;
mackerel tabby with narrow tiger-striped patterns; spotted tabby
with large or small spots; and ticked tabby with tabby markings on
the face and agouti hairs on the body, with few to no stripes. It
is said that tabby cats tend to be friendly and nonaggressive.
And, among all the types of tabbies, the orange tabbies tend to be
the most affectionate. This conclusion is based on three different
things, such as everyday handling, interactions with humans, and
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April 30: National Bugs Bunny Day: --
April 30, 1938: Premieres: Film Premieres: American Film
Premieres: -- The animated cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt debuts
in movie theaters, introducing Happy Rabbit, a prototype of Bugs
Bunny. National Bugs. Many people don't actually credit that as
his first appearance and the reason for this is he was then still
called Happy Rabbit. However, he looked like Bugs Bunny, spoke
like Bugs Bunny, and moved like Bugs Bunny. On July 27, 1940, A
Wild Hare officially introduced the character called Bugs Bunny to
the world. The preliminary version of Bugs Bunny was created by
Ben Hardaway, whereas the official version was created by Tex
Avery. The preliminary version of Bugs Bunny's character was
designed by Cal Dalton and Charles Thorson (1939-1940). However,
the official version was designed by Bob Givens (1940-1943) and
then by Robert McKimson (1943 - to date). The popularity of Bugs
Bunny rose in leaps and bounds during World War II. His free and
easy attitude became a symbol of hope for people and, soon enough,
Bugs Bunny became quite the star. Post World War II, "Knighty
Knight Bugs" (1958) won an Academy Award for the Best Cartoon
Short Subject. It was the first Oscar for Bugs Bunny. Known for
his comical antics, Bugs Bunny created memorable roles in Looney
Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons produced by Warner Bros. The
wascally wabbit caused many a raucous scene for his castmates
Daffy Duck, Yosemite Sam, Porky Pig, Pepe Le Pew, and Marvin the
Martian. However, his eminent counterpart was forever the
estimable hunter, Elmer Fudd. His popular catchphrase, "What's
up, doc?" continues to be associated with the humorous bunny.
Over the years, various actors have voiced the animated bunny.
However, Mel Blanc originally voiced the iconic "Eh, what's
up, doc?" voice and he did so for almost 50 years. On Sale @
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Toy
Commercials: The Classics 1950s-60s DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30: National Mr. Potato Head Day:
-- Celebrated since 1952, when Mr. Potato Head was not only the
first toy to appear on television, but also was the first tv
commercial that targeted children specifically. This holiday
honors the beloved toy that changed the face of advertising.
Featuring a plastic potato body, it has a variety of other plastic
parts that can be attached to it - like a cap, nose, mouth, eyes,
ears, and even feet! The list of additional accessories has grown
over time to include even items such as a car and a boat trailer.
George Lerner of Brooklyn came up with the concept of a "funny
face man" in the 1940s, a character created by inserting
pronged body and face components into a fruit or vegetable.
Lerner's suggestion was turned down. In 1951, he presented his
concept to Henry and Merrill Hassenfeld, owners of the Hasbro toy
and school supply company. Lerner was offered a 500USD up front as
well as 5% of each kit sold. Mr. Potato Head was the moniker given
to the toy. Mr. Potato Head was the first toy to appear in a
television commercial on April 30, 1952. It was also the first
television commercial aimed at children rather than parents. The
toy was released the day following the ad for 0.98USD. There was
no plastic potato included, so you had to use a real potato. Four
noses, three hats, two sets of eyes, mouths, ears, feet, hands, a
pipe, eyeglasses, which were made of plastic, and eight pieces of
felt for facial hair were all included in the toy kits of Mr.
Potato Head. In the 1960s, government rules mandated that the
parts be less pointed, making it more difficult to penetrate
potatoes. In 1964, a plastic potato was added to the toy package
as a reaction. In the 1970s, new safety standards led to the
doubling of the potato's size in 1975, as well as an increase in
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Castro's
Cuba: Two Views/Guantanamo DVD, MP4 Download, USB Flash Drive
April 30: National Military Brats Day: --
Today we celebrate the kids of the armed forces by showing our
appreciation for the military, watching popular films based on the
army, and even dressing up in military-like outfits! Did you know,
the average Military Brat changes at least six schools in their
lifetime? Military Brats Day was founded by Military Brats, Inc.
It was launched back in 2016 as an unofficial holiday. However,
the members of the founding committee are trying to convince the
U.S. Congress to make this day an official holiday to acknowledge
how precious the military's children are. Also, it aims to thank
the kids of army personnel for their own sacrifices and indirect
service for the nation. April is known as the Month of the
Military Child. So it's befitting that April 30 is National
Military Brats Day. It is a day to sit back and ponder the
sacrifices that the millions of military kids - present and past -
have made for the country. Not only are their mothers or fathers
sent away to serve the nation but these kids often have a tough
life due to a lot of moving around, depending on where their
parents are stationed. Military Brats are, without a doubt, a
unique breed of individuals. Their lives may be more difficult
than most but these constant disruptions in their childhood often
bring them closer to their families for life. They're also often
able to build stronger relationships in their social and
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
History Of Jazz A Video Retrospective DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
April 30: International Jazz Day: -- All.
That. Jazz! Many consider it America's classical music. After all,
jazz began in New Orleans over 100 years ago. Legendary jazz
pianist and composer Herbie Hancock (along with the UN) helped
create International Jazz Day in 2011. It's a distinctly American
art form, but International Jazz Day is just that - international.
Join with people around the world as this day promotes jazz's
roots and intercultural influence! International Jazz Day is a
beautiful time to celebrate the gift of music and to come together
as a community. It's a chance to listen to a variety of musicians
and hear their talents live all around the world. Learning more
about the day will help any musical enthusiast to appreciate all
the benefits of listening to jazz. Music lovers from around the
world will gather to attend jazz festivals, parties, and events to
help celebrate the day and this specific type of music. Now is the
perfect opportunity to take up a musical instrument such as the
trumpet, saxophone, piano or clarinet and start to make music so
one can understand what all the hype is about. International Jazz
Day highlights the ability for jazz to unite people from all walks
of life and draw together folks from around the globe. No one is
left out, as this day brings together artists, schools,
communities, historians, academics, and jazz aficionados to raise
awareness around this type of music and educate the public about
the roots, impact, and future of jazz. There's a deep-rooted
message attached to this day of celebration, such as reinforcing
international cooperation and communication. It brings to light
the need for intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding
through one of the best ways possible, music. The power of the
music will be apparent when participants view people of all
backgrounds, forgetting about their differences and joining
together to celebrate jazz. Any adverse circumstances from the
past or present are suddenly forgotten or pushed aside, and people
begin to focus on friendship, freedom, hope, and dignity instead.
The day itself is intended to promote peace, diversity, respect
among different cultures, and highlight the need for human rights
and dignity. The music itself addresses the desire for eliminating
discrimination and promoting the freedom of expression. Youth are
also encouraged to participate by enacting change and helping to
foster gender equality. One will have the chance to experience how
much life and love emerges when the day kicks off, and musicians
from all over begin to jam and play their music. It all began in
2011 when the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization declared International Jazz Day as an opportunity to
give recognition to jazz music and state its role to unite people
all around the globe. It's been going strong ever since and people
look forward to this day each year when music lovers from around
the world can share in the experience of listening to and making
jazz music. The idea itself emerged from jazz pianist and UNESCO
Goodwill Ambassador Herbie Hancock. Together, the UNESCO
Director-General and Hancock chair the event and ensure people
from all over come out to participate in the celebration each
year. Cities such as Paris, New Orleans, and New York were some of
the first to begin to educate the public on the event and draw
excitement to Jazz Day. The Host City goes as far as to organize
an All-Star Global Concert which brings together over two-dozen
jazz musicians from all parts of the world in or around a
historical landmark. It's interesting to know that the popularity
of the day has grown immensely over the years. Now, nearly 200
countries participate in International Jazz Day. You can visit
just about any location and hear and experience jazz music at its
finest. You'll witness artists and onlookers expressing themselves
in their own unique and individual way. Cape Town, South Africa is
the Host City for 2020, so one should make a note of this if he or
she wants to travel and see some of the best musicians perform
their music live. Not only will there be music present at the
event, but organizers are also planning an extensive educational
and community outreach program for people to participate in and as
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Music &
Dance Shows #4 The Beatles DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
April 30: Hairstyle Appreciation Day: --
Have you ever thought about how important hairstylists are? On
this day, all beautiful hairstyles and the stylists who make them
are celebrated. Everyone's hair is unique, and the characteristics
of each hairstyle are determined by many factors such as natural
hair type, growth patterns, color, length, and head shape.
Hairstylists are in charge of taking care of your hair. Stylists
do a great job taking care of our hair. Have you ever thought
about how important your hair is and how it grows? Haircutting has
been common since the middle ages. In those ages, the style of
someone's hair was important because it determined status, social
class, racial identification, religious beliefs, etc. For example,
in Europe men preferred long hair, as a distinguishing feature of
free men, while short hair was a sign of servitude and peasantry.
Moreover, in Viking society, women with high status wore their
hair long. On the other hand, hardworking women tied their hair
back to keep it out of their way while they performed tasks.
Nowadays, there are almost as many hairstyles as there are people
in the world. If you want, you can change your hair color. You can
also turn your straight hair into curly hair. There are an almost
infinite number of things you can do with your hair. The use of
hair extensions and wigs has become very popular. Hairstylists are
trained and have experience with a variety of textures, styles,
and colors. Stylists have to stay up to date with the current
trend in fashion and hairstyling, to keep customers happy and
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monarchy
In The UK: British Royal History DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1662: #BOTD: #HBD! Mary II Of
England, Queen Of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with
her husband, William III & II, from 1689 until her death (d.
December 28, 1694) is #born Mary Stuart at St James's Palace,
London, England. Mary was the eldest daughter of James, Duke of
York (the future King James II & VII), and his first wife Anne
Hyde. Mary and her sister Anne were raised as Anglicans at the
behest of their uncle, King Charles II, although their parents
both converted to Roman Catholicism. Charles lacked legitimate
children, making Mary second in the line of succession. She
married her first cousin, William of Orange, a Protestant, in
1677. Charles died in 1685 and James took the throne, making Mary
heir presumptive. James's attempts at rule by decree and the birth
of his son from a second marriage, James Francis Edward (later
known as "the Old Pretender"), led to his deposition in
the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the adoption of the English
Bill of Rights. William and Mary became king and queen regnant.
Mary mostly deferred to her husband - a renowned military leader
and principal opponent of Louis XIV - when he was in England. She
did, however, act alone when William was engaged in military
campaigns abroad, proving herself to be a powerful, firm, and
effective ruler. Mary's death from smallpox at the age of 32 left
William as sole ruler until his death in 1702, when he was
succeeded by Mary's sister, Anne. Mary II Of England died from a
fatal form of smallpox after midnight at the young age of 32. Her
husband William, who had grown increasingly to rely on Mary, was
devastated by her death, saying that "from being the
happiest" he was "now going to be the miserablest
creature on earth". She was widely mourned throughout
Britain. During a cold winter, in which the Thames froze, her
embalmed body lay in state in Banqueting House, Whitehall. On
March 5, she was buried at Westminster Abbey. Her funeral service
was the first of any royal attended by all the members of both
Houses of Parliament. For the ceremony, composer Henry Purcell
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Presidential Inauguration With Walter Cronkite DVD, Download, USB
April 30, 1789: The United States: The
History Of The United States: United States Presidential
Inaugurations: The First Inauguration Of George Washington: --
George Washington becomes the first U.S. President as he is
administered the oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall on
26 Wall Street, at the corner of Wall and Broad Streets, in New
York City. Washington added the words "so help me God"
to the oath prescribed by the constitution, a tradition continued
ever since. The Congress of the Confederation had set March 4,
1789 as the date for the beginning of operations of the federal
government under the new U.S. Constitution. Owing to the
formidable difficulties of long-distance travel in 18th century
America, Congress was unable to reach a quorum until April. The
House would not achieve a quorum until April 1, and the Senate on
April 6, at which time the electoral votes were counted.
Washington and Adams were certified as having been elected
president and vice president respectively. Adams arrived in New
York on April 20, and was inaugurated as vice president on the
next day. On his way to New York City, Washington received
triumphal welcomes in almost every town he passed through,
including Alexandria, Virginia; Georgetown, Maryland; Baltimore;
Philadelphia; and Trenton. He arrived in New York City on April
23, where he was greeted by New York Governor George Clinton as
well as many congressmen and citizens. Washington was inaugurated
as the first President of the United States on April 30, 1789, at
Federal Hall in New York, then the nation's capitol. As judges of
the federal courts had not yet been appointed, the presidential
oath of office was administered by Chancellor Robert Livingston,
the highest judicial officer in the state of New York. Washington
took the oath on the building's second floor balcony, in view of
throngs of people gathered on the streets. The Bible used in the
ceremony was from St. John's Lodge No. 1, Ancient York Masons, and
was opened at random to Genesis 49:13 ("Zebulun shall dwell
at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships;
and his border shall be unto Zidon"). Afterward, Livingston
shouted "Long live George Washington, President of the United
States!" Historian John R. Alden indicates that Washington
added the words "so help me God" to the oath prescribed
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Old
Time Radio Comedy MegaSet MP3 Collection DVD, Download, USB
April 30, 1908: #BOTD: #HBD! Eve Arden,
American film, radio, stage and television actress who performed
in leading and supporting roles for nearly six decades (d.
November 12, 1990) is #born Eunice Mary Quedens in Mill Valley,
California. Beginning her film career in 1929 and on Broadway in
the early 1930s, Arden's first major role was in the RKO Radio
Pictures drama Stage Door (1937) opposite Katharine Hepburn,
followed by roles in the comedies Having Wonderful Time (1938) and
At the Circus (1939). She received an Academy Award nomination for
Best Supporting Actress for her role in Mildred Pierce (1945).
Somewhat surprisingly for an actress of Arden's refinement and
wit, she appeared to good effect in a number of films noir, some
exceptionally high-profile, including Mildred Pierce, The
Unfaithful (1947), The Arnelo Affair (1947), Whiplash (1948), and
Anatomy of a Murder (1959). Later in her career, Arden moved to
television, playing a sardonic but engaging high school teacher in
Our Miss Brooks, for which she won the first Primetime Emmy Award
for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. She also played
the maternity ward nurse in Bewitched and the school principal in
the film musicals Grease (1978) and Grease 2 (1982). Eve Arden
diesdin her Beverly Hills, California home at age 82. According to
her death certificate, she died of cardiac arrest and
arteriosclerotic heart disease.She is buried in the Westwood
Village Memorial Park Cemetery, Westwood, Los Angeles, California.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV
Commercials: The Cable Age Classics II DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1923: #BOTD: #HBD! Al Lewis,
commonly referred to as Grandpa Al Lewis, American burlesque,
vaudeville, Broadway. radio and television actor best known for
his role as Count Dracula lookalike Grandpa on the television
series Car 54, Where Are You? from 1961-1963 and The Munsters from
1964 to 1966 and its film versions, all in which he co-starred
with Fred Gwynne (d. February 3, 2006) is #born Abraham Meisterin
in Brownsville, Brooklyn to Alexander and Ida (nee Neidel), a
house painter from Minsk and a garment worker respectively, who
were Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire. He was a
restaurant owner, political candidate, and radio broadcaster. He
worked in burlesque and vaudeville theaters, then on Broadway in
the dramas The Night Circus (1958) and One More River (1960) and
as the character Moe Shtarker in the musical comedy Do Re Mi
(1962). His earliest television work includes appearances on the
crime drama Decoy and The Phil Silvers Show. From 1959 to 1963, he
appeared in four episodes of Naked City. In 1967, Lewis played the
part of Zalto the magician in the Lost in Space episode "Rocket
to Earth". His first role in a movie was as Machine Gun Manny
in Pretty Boy Floyd (1960). He had small roles in The World of
Henry Orient (1964), They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969), and
They Might Be Giants (1971). He appeared as Hanging Judge Harrison
in Used Cars (1980), played a security guard on an episode of
Taxi, and had a minor role in Married to the Mob (1988). His last
film role was in Night Terror (2002). Lewis was a recurring guest
on The Howard Stern Show. In 1987, during a "Howard Stern
Freedom Rally" against the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) that was broadcast live, Lewis repeatedly shouted "fuck
the FCC!" until Stern was able to take the microphone away
from him. Stern and the station were not punished for Lewis'
comments. Unlike some actors, Lewis did not mind being typecast.
He enjoyed acting out his Grandpa character - in the original
costume - and got a surprising amount of mileage from such a
short-lived role. "Why not?" he said. "It pays the
bills." Lewis appeared in an episode of The American
Experience where he recalled his experiences at Coney Island,
which he frequently visited and worked at as a game barker. He was
featured in the Atari 7800 videogame Midnight Mutants, an
action-adventure title with a Halloween theme. His appearance in
the game mirrored his Grandpa persona in The Munsters. In 1987, he
opened an Italian restaurant named Grampa's Bella Gente at 252
Bleecker Street in Manhattan. In September 1989, he licensed a
comedy club named Grampa's to an entrepreneurial family on New
Dorp Plaza in Staten Island. As a left-wing activist, he hosted a
politically oriented radio program on WBAI (whose theme song was
King Curtis' "Foot Pattin'") and ran as Green Party
candidate for governor of New York in 1998. In that race, he
sought to be listed on the ballot as Grandpa Al Lewis, arguing
that he was most widely known by that name. His request was
rejected by the Board of Elections, a decision upheld in court
against his challenge. In 2000, he sought the Green Party
nomination for US Senate; he ultimately placed second in the
primary, with about 32 percent of the vote, losing to Mark Dunau.
Lewis married Marge Domowitz in 1956, with whom he had three sons,
Dave, Ted, and Paul. The marriage ended in divorce in 1977. In
1984, he married actress Karen Ingenthron, to whom he remained
married for the rest of his life. In his final years, he resided
on Roosevelt Island in New York City, where he died of natural
causes in hospital, aged 82. Following his body's cremation, his
ashes were reportedly "placed in his favorite cigar box."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Ernie
Kovacs: Between The Laughter (1984) DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1926: #BOTD: #HBD! Cloris
Leachman, American actress, comedian and beauty (d. January 27,
2021) is #born in Des Moines, Iowa. In a career spanning over
seven decades she has won eight Primetime Emmy Awards, a Daytime
Emmy Award, and an Academy Award for her role in The Last Picture
Show (1971). As Miss Chicago, Leachman competed in the 20th Miss
America pageant and placed in the Top 16 in 1946. Her
longest-running role was the nosy and cunning landlady Phyllis
Lindstrom in the CBS sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show and its
spin-off, Phyllis, in the 1970s. She also appeared in three Mel
Brooks films, Young Frankenstein (1974), High Anxiety (1977), and
History of the World, Part I (1981). She also starred as Beverly
Ann Stickle in the NBC sitcom The Facts of Life from 1986 to 1988,
and appeared as Granny in The Beverly Hillbillies (1993). In the
2000s, Leachman had a recurring role as Grandma Ida on the Fox
sitcom Malcolm in the Middle, and appeared as a roaster in the
Comedy Central Roast of Bob Saget in 2008. She was a contestant on
the seventh season of the ABC reality competition series Dancing
with the Stars in 2008, paired with Corky Ballas. She was 82 at
the time and is the oldest contestant to have danced in the
series. From 2010-14, she starred as Maw Maw on the Fox sitcom
Raising Hope. In 2017, she played the role of Zorya Vechernyaya on
the Starz drama American Gods. Cloris Leachman died in her sleep
at her home in Encinitas, California, at the age of 94. The cause
of death was a stroke with reports that COVID-19 was a
contributing factor. Her body was cremated on February 7, 2021,
and the ashes were scattered in the Pacific Ocean. #ClorisLeachman
#GreatActresses #Actresses #GreatComedians #Comedians #MissChicago
#MissAmerica #Beauties #Emmys #AcademyAwards #Oscars #MTM
#MaryTytlerMoore #MelBrooks #TheFactsOfLife #Film #Movies
#Hollywood #TV #Television #TVShows #TelevisionShows #TVInTheUS
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The 1939
New York World's Fair Films Collection DVD, MP4, USB Drive
April 30, 1939: Grand Openings: World's
Fair Openings: -- The 1939-40 New York World's Fair opens; with
that opening, NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television
service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D.
Roosevelt's N.Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address. The
1939-40 New York World's Fair, which covered the 1,216 acres of
Flushing Meadows-Corona Park (also the location of the 1964-1965
New York World's Fair), was the second most expensive American
world's fair of all time, exceeded only by St. Louis's Louisiana
Purchase Exposition of 1904. Many countries around the world
participated in it, and over 44 million people attended its
exhibits in two seasons. It was the first exposition to be based
on the future, with an opening slogan of "Dawn of a New Day",
and it allowed all visitors to take a look at "the world of
tomorrow". Within six months of the Fair's opening, World War
II would begin, a war that lasted six years and resulted in the
deaths of 50-85 million people. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Secret
War Historic WWII TV Series + Bonus Title DVD MP4 USB Drive
April 30, 1943: The European Civil War:
World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of
World War II): The Mediterranean And Middle East Theater Of World
War II: The Italian Campaign Of World War II (The Liberation Of
Italy): The Allied Invasion Of Sicily (The Battle Of Sicily,
Operation Husky:) Operation Barclay: Operation Mincemeat ("The
Man Who Never Was") -- The British submarine HMS Seraph
surfaces near Huelva to cast adrift a dead man dressed as a
courier and carrying false invasion plans. Operation Mincemeat was
a successful British disinformation strategy used during the
Second World War as a deception intended to cover the 1943 Allied
invasion of Sicily. Two members of British intelligence obtained
the body of Glyndwr Michael, a tramp who died from eating rat
poison, dressed him as an officer of the Royal Marines and placed
personal items on him identifying him as Captain (Acting Major)
William Martin. Correspondence between two British generals which
suggested that the Allies planned to invade Greece and Sardinia,
with Sicily as merely the target of a feint, was also placed on
the body. Part of the wider Operation Barclay (an associated
deception operation that used bogus troop movements, radio
traffic, recruitment of Greek interpreters, and acquisition of
Greek maps to indicate an invasion through the Balkans to deceive
the Axis powers as to the location of the Allies' assault across
the Mediterranean and to divert the Axis military command's
attention and resources), Mincemeat was based on the 1939 Trout
memo, written by Rear Admiral John Godfrey, the Director of the
Naval Intelligence Division, and his personal assistant,
Lieutenant Commander Ian Fleming, the future author of the James
Bond series of novels, Fleming being most likely the actual author
of the Trout Memo (which compares deception of an enemy in wartime
with fly fishing). With the approval of the British Prime
Minister, Winston Churchill, and the overall military commander in
the Mediterranean, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the plan began
with transporting the body to the southern coast of Spain by
submarine, and releasing it close to shore. It was picked up the
following morning by a Spanish fisherman. The nominally neutral
Spanish government shared copies of the documents with the Abwehr,
the German military intelligence organisation, before returning
the originals to the British. Forensic examination showed they had
been read, and decrypts of German messages showed the Germans fell
for the ruse. Reinforcements were shifted to Greece and Sardinia
both before and during the invasion of Sicily; Sicily received
none. The true impact of Operation Mincemeat is unknown, although
the island was liberated more quickly than anticipated and losses
were lower than predicted. The events were depicted in Operation
Heartbreak, a 1950 novel by the former cabinet minister Duff
Cooper, before one of the agents who planned and carried out
Mincemeat, Ewen Montagu, wrote a history in 1953. Montagu's work
formed the basis for the 1956 British film The Man Who Never Was.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Hitler:
The Final Chapter The Fate Of Adolf Hitler's Body DVD MP4 USB
April 30, 1945: The European Civil War:
World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of
World War II): The Eastern Front Of World War II: The Great
Patriotic War (The German-Soviet War): The Battle Of Berlin (The
Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation, The Fall Of Berlin): The
Battle Of Berlin: The Battle For The Reich Chancellery: The
Fuhrerbunker (The Fuehrerbunker): The Death Of Adolf Hitler (?):
-- #DOTD (?): Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide after
being married for less than 40 hours. ========= Adolf Hitler,
German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor
of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Fuehrer ("Leader") of
Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945 (April 20, 1889 - April 30 1945?)
was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria. As dictator of Nazi Germany,
Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the Invasion Of
Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Hitler
was raised near Linz, Austria. He moved to Germany in 1913 and was
decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. In
1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the precursor of
the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923,
he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich and was
imprisoned. While in jail he dictated the first volume of his
autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My
Struggle"). After his release from prison in 1924, Hitler
gained popular support by attacking the Treaty Of Versailles and
promoting Pan-Germanism, anti-semitism and anti-communism with
charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda. He frequently denounced
international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish
conspiracy. By 1933, the Nazi Party was the largest elected party
in the German Reichstag, but did not have a majority, and no party
was able to form a majority parliamentary coalition in support of
a candidate for chancellor. This led to former chancellor Franz
Von Papen and other conservative leaders persuading President Paul
Von Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor on 30 January 1933.
Shortly after, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act of 1933,
which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into
Nazi Germany, a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian
and autocratic ideology of National Socialism. Hitler aimed to
eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter
what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international
order dominated by Britain and France. His first six years in
power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great
Depression, the abrogation of restrictions imposed on Germany
after World War I and the annexation of territories that were home
to millions of ethnic Germans which gave him significant popular
support. Hitler sought Lebensraum ("living space") for
the German people in Eastern Europe and his aggressive foreign
policy is considered to be the primary cause of the outbreak of
World War II in Europe. He directed large-scale rearmament and on
1 September 1939 invaded Poland, resulting in Britain and France
declaring war on Germany. In June 1941, Hitler ordered an invasion
of the Soviet Union. By the end of 1941, German forces and the
European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa. In
December 1941, he formally declared war on the United States,
bringing America directly into the conflict. Failure to defeat the
Soviets and the entry of the United States into the war forced
Germany onto the defensive and it suffered a series of escalating
defeats. In the final days of the war during the Battle of Berlin
in 1945, he married his long-time lover Eva Braun. Less than two
days later on April 30, 1945, the two reputedly committed suicide
to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army and their corpses were
burned; the controversies regarding the veracities of this account
cotinue to this day, and the final disposition of their corpses
remain unresolved. Under Hitler's leadership and racially
motivated ideology, the Nazi regime was responsible for the
genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and as many more other
victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen
(sub-humans) or socially undesirable. Hitler and the Nazi regime
were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million
civilians and prisoners of war. In addition, 29 million soldiers
and civilians died as a result of military action in the European
theatre. The number of civilians killed during the Second World
War was unprecedented in warfare and the casualties constituted
the deadliest conflict in human history. ========= Eva Braun,
German longtime companion of Adolf Hitler and, for less than 40
hours, wife of Adolf Hitler (February 6, 1912 - April 30, 1945?)
was born Eva Anna Paula Braun in in Munich, Bavaria, German
Empire. Eva Anna Paula Hitler met Hitler in Munich when she was a
17-year-old assistant and model for his personal photographer
Heinrich Hoffmann. She began seeing Hitler often about two years
later. She attempted suicide twice during their early
relationship. By 1936, she was a part of his household at the
Berghof near Berchtesgaden and lived a sheltered life throughout
World War II. Braun was a photographer, and she took many of the
surviving colour photographs and films of Hitler. She was a key
figure within Hitler's inner social circle, but did not attend
public events with him until mid-1944, when her sister Gretl
married Hermann Fegelein, the SS liaison officer on his staff. As
Nazi Germany was collapsing towards the end of the war, Braun
swore loyalty to Hitler and went to Berlin to be by his side in
the heavily reinforced Fuehrerbunker beneath the Reich
Chancellery. As Red Army troops fought their way into the
neighbourhood on April 29, 1945, she married Hitler during a brief
civil ceremony; she was 33 and he was 56. Less than 40 hours
later, they committed suicide together in a sitting room of the
bunker, she by biting into a capsule of cyanide, and he by a
gunshot to the head. The German public was unaware of Braun's
relationship with Hitler until after their deaths. Nazi researcher
and author Peter Levenda asserts that both Hitler and Braun
survived and were relocated under assumed names to the Indonesian
island of Sumbawa, where they lived together until the mid-1970s
when Braun left to attend to her ailing mother in Germany.
According to Levenda, Braun did not return to Hitler after her
mother's death. ========= #AdolfHitler #EvaBraun #HitlerFamily
#Fuehrerbunker #ReichsChancellery #Berlin #BerlinGermany
#NaziGermany #Bunkers #FuehrerHeadquarters #ThirdReich
#BattleOfBerlin #WorldWarII #WWII #WW2 #WorldWarTwo #WorldWar2
#SecondWorldWar #PeopleExcludedFromTheCoverOfSgtPepper #MP4
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Celebration At Big Sur (1969) DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash
Drive
April 30, 1945: #BOTD: #HBD! Mimi Farina,
American singer, songwriter, activist and guitarist, performer of
folk music, folk rock and bluegrass, wife of Richard Farina, and
beauty (d. July 18, 2001) is #born Margarita Mimi Baez Farina in
Palo Alto, California, the youngest of three daughters, which
included singer and activist Joan Baez, born to a Scottish mother
and Mexican-American physicist Albert Baez. The life of Mimi
Farina partially is chronicled in David Hajdu's book "Positively
4th Street: The Lives and Times of Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, Mimi Baez
Farina and Richard Farina". Mimi Farina died of
neuroendocrine cancer at her home in California at age 56. A
memorial service was held on August 7 at Grace Cathedral in San
Francisco. Eulogies from Joan Baez, Paul Liberatore and Lana
Severn were heard by the 1,200 people who attended. On Sale @ 15%
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Outer
Space Mission MP3 MegaSet DVD, Audio Download, USB Flash Drive
April 30, 1967: Outer Space Firsts: The
History Of Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold
War: The Space Age: The Space Race: Missions To The Moon: Space
Probes: Lunar Space Probes: The United States Space Program: The
Surveyor Program: Surveyor 3: -- transmits the first TV images
from another astronomical (celestial) object when it becomes the
first to take and transmit a photo of Earth from The Moon.
Surveyor 3 was launched on April 17, 1967 at 07:05:00 UTC atop an
Atlas LV-3C Centaur-D launch vehicle at Cape Canaveral's Space
Launch Complex 36 (SLC-36) (today's Launch Complex 36 [LC-36]).
Surveyor 3 was the first lunar lander to carry a surface-soil
sampling-scoop, and (unintentionally) the first space mission to
become a test of the possible biological contamination of another
celestial (astronomical) object (the Moon). Surveyor 3 was visited
by Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad and Alan Bean two and a half
years later in November 1969, and remains the only probe visited
by humans on another world. The extendable arm scoop mechanism was
used to dig four trenches in the lunar soil up to seven inches (18
centimeters) deep. Samples were placed in front of Surveyor's
television cameras to be photographed and radioed back to the
Earth. Several components of the Surveyor 3 lander were collected
and returned to the Earth aboard the Apollo 12 spacecraft for
study of the long-term exposure effects of the harsh lunar
environment on human-made objects and materials, and on a common
type of bacterium, Streptococcus Mitis, which accidentally
contaminated the Surveyor's camera prior to launch. The
streptococcus contamination had led NASA to adopt strict abiotic
procedures for space probes to prevent contamination of the planet
Mars and other astronomical bodies that are suspected of having
conditions possibly suitable for life. On analyzing the camera
after its return to Earth, it was found that the common bacterium
Streptococcus mitis was alive on the camera. This was attributed
by NASA to the camera not being sterilized on Earth prior to its
launch two and a half years previously. However, later study
showed that the scientists analysing the camera on return to Earth
used procedures that were inadequate to prevent recontamination
after return to Earth, for instance with their arms exposed, not
covering their entire bodies as modern scientists would do. There
may also have been possibilities for contamination during the
return mission as the camera was returned in a porous bag rather
than the airtight containers used for lunar sample return. As a
result, the source of the contamination remains controversial.
Surveyor 3 was the third lander of the American uncrewed Surveyor
program sent to explore the surface of the Moon in 1967. When the
first lunar nightfall came on May 3, 1967, Surveyor 3 was shut
down because its solar panels were no longer producing
electricity. At the next lunar dawn (after 14 terrestrial days, or
about 336 hours), Surveyor 3 could not be reactivated, because of
the extremely cold temperatures that it had experienced. This
contrasts with the Surveyor 1, which was reactivated twice after
lunar nights, but then never again. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Columbia
Revolt: University Protests Of 1968 DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1968: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars:
The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict,
The Resistance War Against America): Opposition To United States
Involvement In The Vietnam War: The American Civil Rights
Movement: Black Power: The Black Power Movement (Black Liberation
Movement): The Counterculture Of The 1960s: Student Rights:
Student Rights In Higher Education: Student Activism (Campus
Activism): Student Protest (Campus Protest) The Protests Of 1968:
The 1968 Columbia University Protests: -- The protests come to a
conclusion in the early morning hours of April 30, 1968, when the
NYPD violently quashed the demonstrations, with tear gas, and
stormed both Hamilton Hall and the Low Library. Hamilton Hall was
cleared peacefully as African American lawyers were outside ready
to represent SAS members in court and a tactical squad of African
American police officers with the NYPD led by Detective Sanford
Garelick (the same investigator of the Malcolm X homicide) had
cleared the African American students out of Hamilton Hall. The
buildings occupied by whites however were cleared violently as
approximately 132 students, 4 faculty members and 12 police
officers were injured, while over 700 protesters were arrested.
Violence continued into the following day with students armed with
sticks battling with officers. Frank Gucciardi, a 34-year-old
police officer, was permanently disabled when a student jumped
onto him from a second story window, breaking his back. The
Columbia University Protests Of 1968 began on April 23, 1968, when
students protesting the Vietnam War at Columbia University in New
York City took over administration buildings and shut down the
university. The protests Of 1968 were one among the various
student demonstrations that occurred around the globe in that
year. The Columbia protests erupted over the spring of that year
after students discovered links between the university and the
institutional apparatus supporting the United States' involvement
in the Vietnam War, as well as their concern over a gymnasium to
be constructed in the nearby Morningside Park. The protests
resulted in the student occupation of many university buildings
and the eventual violent removal of protesters by the New York
City Police Department. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Unauthorized Biography: Richard Nixon DVD, Video Download, USB
Drive
April 30, 1970: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars:
The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict,
The Resistance War Against America): The Cambodian Civil War: The
Cambodian Campaign (The Cambodian Incursion, The Cambodian
Liberation): -- Richard Nixon announces to the American people
that American and South Vietnamese forces would attack Vietnamese
communists in a Cambodian Campaign, sparking large protests the
following day and leading to the Kent State Massacre the day after
that. On April 28, 1970 Nixon had formally authorized American
combat troops to attack communist sanctuaries in Cambodia. On
April 29, United States and South Vietnamese forces invaded
Cambodia to hunt Viet Cong. Amid protests at home demanding an
immediate pullout of American forces in Vietnam, Nixon implemented
a strategy of replacing American troops with Vietnamese troops,
known as "Vietnamization". His responses to protesters
included an impromptu, early morning meeting with them at the
Lincoln Memorial on May 9, 1970. He soon instituted phased U.S.
troop withdrawals, but authorized incursions into Laos, in part to
interrupt the Ho Chi Minh Trail, used to supply North Vietnamese
forces, that passed through Laos and Cambodia. On April 28, 1970,
Nixon ordered that US troops invade Cambodia to attack and destroy
the communist sanctuaries belonging to the Cambodian Khmer Rouge
communist forces to cease their operations in aiding Viet Cong and
North Vietnamese forces. Nixon's campaign promise to curb the war,
contrasted with the escalated bombing, led to claims that Nixon
had a "credibility gap" on the issue. It is estimated
that between 50,000 and 150,000 people were killed during the
bombing of Cambodia between 1970 and 1973. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Final
Days: Richard Nixon TV Docudrama DVD, Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1973: Political Scandals Of The
United States: Richard Nixon: The Presidency Of Richard Nixon: The
Watergate Scandal: -- U.S. President Richard Nixon announces that
White House Counsel John Dean has been fired and that other top
aides, most notably H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, have
resigned. John Wesley Dean III (born October 14, 1938) is an
investment banker, author, columnist, lecturer, and attorney who
served as White House Counsel for United States President Richard
Nixon from July 1970 until April 1973. In this position, he became
deeply involved in events leading up to the Watergate burglaries
and the subsequent Watergate scandal cover-up. He was referred to
as the "master manipulator of the cover-up" by the
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He pleaded guilty to a
single felony count, in exchange for becoming a key witness for
the prosecution. This ultimately resulted in a reduced prison
sentence, which he served at Fort Holabird outside Baltimore,
Maryland. Harry Robbins "Bob" Haldeman (October 27, 1926
- November 12, 1993) was an American political aide and
businessman, best known for his service as White House Chief Of
Staff to President Richard Nixon and his consequent involvement in
the Watergate Affair. Haldeman was tried on counts of perjury,
conspiracy, and obstruction of justice for his intimate role in
the Watergate cover-up. He was found guilty and imprisoned for 18
months. John Daniel Ehrlichman (March 20, 1925 - February 14,
1999) was counsel and Assistant to the President for Domestic
Affairs under President Richard Nixon. Ehrlichman was an important
influence on Nixon's domestic policy, coaching him on issues and
enlisting his support for environmental initiatives. Ehrlichman
was a key figure in events leading to the Watergate break-in and
the ensuing Watergate scandal, for which he was convicted of
conspiracy, obstruction of justice, and perjury and served a year
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Vietnam War With Walter Cronkite DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
April 30, 1975: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars:
The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict,
The Resistance War Against America): The 1975 Spring Offensive
{Vietnamese: Chien Dich Mua Xuan 1975; officially The General
Offensive And Uprising Of Spring 1975 (Vietnamese: Tong Tien Cong
Va Noi Day Mua Xuan 1975)}: The Fall Of Saigon (The Fall Of South
Vietnam): -- The Vietnam War (November 1, 1955 - April 30, 1975)
effectively ends as communist forces gain control of Saigon, and
formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese
president Duong Van Minh. The Fall of Saigon was the capture of
Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of
Vietnam (PAVN) and the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
(also known as the Viet Cong) on 30 April 1975. The event marked
the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to
the formal reunification of Vietnam under the Socialist Republic
of Vietnam. The PAVN, under the command of General Van Tien Dung,
began their final attack on Saigon on April 29, 1975, with the
Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) forces commanded by General
Nguyen Van Toan suffering a heavy artillery bombardment. This
bombardment at the Tan Son Nhat Airport killed the last two
American servicemen to die in Vietnam, Charles McMahon and Darwin
Judge. By the afternoon of the next day, the PAVN had occupied the
important points of the city and raised their flag over the South
Vietnamese presidential palace. The city was renamed Ho Chi Minh
City, after the late North Vietnamese President Ho Chi Minh. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Russian Revolution DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive
April 30, 2008: The Aftermath Of World
War I: The Revolutions Of 1917-1923: The Interwar Period (The
Interbellum, Between The Wars): The Russian Revolution: The
Execution Of The Romanov Family: -- Two skeletal remains found
near Yekaterinburg, Russia are confirmed by Russian scientists to
be the remains of Alexei and Anastasia, two of the children of the
last Tsar of Russia, whose entire family was executed at
Yekaterinburg by the Bolsheviks. The Russian Imperial Romanov
family (Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Tsarina Alexandra and their
five children Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia, and Alexei) and all
those who chose to accompany them into imprisonment - notably
Eugene Botkin, Anna Demidova, Alexei Trupp and Ivan Kharitonov -
were shot, bayoneted and clubbed to death in Yekaterinburg on the
night of 16-17 July 1918. The Tsar and his family were killed by
Bolshevik troops led by Yakov Yurovsky under the orders of the
Ural Regional Soviet and according to instructions by Lenin, Yakov
Sverdlov and Felix Dzerzhinsky. Their bodies were then stripped,
mutilated, burned and disposed of in a field called Porosenkov Log
in the Koptyaki forest. Following the February Revolution, the
Romanov family and their loyal servants were imprisoned in the
Alexander Palace before being moved to Tobolsk and then
Ekaterinburg, where they were killed, allegedly at the express
command of Vladimir Lenin. Despite being informed that "the
entire family suffered the same fate as its head", the
Bolsheviks only announced Nicholas's death, with the official
press release that "Nicholas Romanov's wife and son have been
sent to a secure place." For over eight years, the Soviet
leadership maintained a systematic web of disinformation as to the
fate of the family, from claiming in September 1919 that they were
murdered by left-wing revolutionaries to denying outright in April
1922 that they were dead. They acknowledged the murders in 1926
following the publication of an investigation by a White Emigre (a
Russian subject who emigrated from Imperial Russia in the wake of
the Russian Revolution and Russian Civil War, and who was in
opposition to the Bolsheviks who took control of the country after
the revolution), but maintained that the bodies were destroyed and
that Lenin's Cabinet was not responsible. The emergence of Romanov
impostors drew media attention away from Soviet Russia, and
discussion regarding the fate of the family was suppressed by
Joseph Stalin from 1938. The burial site was discovered in 1979 by
amateur sleuth Alexander Avdonin, but the existence of the remains
was not made public until 1989, during the glasnost period. The
identity of the remains was confirmed by forensic and DNA
investigation. They were reburied in the Peter and Paul Cathedral
in Saint Petersburg in 1998, 80 years after they were killed, in a
funeral that was not attended by key members of the Russian
Orthodox Church, who disputed the authenticity of the remains. A
second, smaller grave containing the remains of two Romanov
children missing from the larger grave was discovered by amateur
archaeologists (Dr Alexander Avdonin, Dr Sergei Nikitin and Peter
Sarandinaki) in 2007. However, their remains are kept in a state
repository pending further DNA tests. In 2008, after considerable
and protracted legal wrangling, the Russian Prosecutor General's
office rehabilitated the Romanov family as "victims of
political repressions". A criminal case was opened by the
post-Soviet government in 1993, but nobody was prosecuted on the
basis that the perpetrators were dead. Some historians attribute
the order to the government in Moscow, specifically Yakov Sverdlov
and Vladimir Lenin, who wished to prevent the rescue of the
Imperial Family by the approaching Czechoslovak Legion (fighting
with the White Army against the Bolsheviks) during the ongoing
Russian Civil War. This is supported by a passage in Leon
Trotsky's diary. An investigation led by Vladimir Solovyov
concluded in 2011 that, despite the opening of state archives in
the post-Soviet years, there is yet no written document found that
indicates that either Lenin or Sverdlov instigated the orders;
however, they did endorse the executions after they occurred.
Lenin had close control over the Romanovs although he ensured his
name was not associated with their fate in any official documents.
President Boris Yeltsin described the killings as one of the most
shameful pages in Russian history. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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